Transcript
Transcript for Hammer, Mary Lenora Shaw, The Story of the Life of Isaac F. Shaw [1926], 6-14
Early Wednesday morning, August the eighth, the Saints were up preparing to leave. The wagons loaded, the oxen yoked and everything was in readyness to leave. Captain Scott ordered the people to stay close to their wagons and warned them not to stray away from the company for the country into which they were going to travel was infested with Indians and wild animals and also they should not gather berries as many of them are poison and those of you who disobey me will bring death upon themselves. He then gave orders to pull ahead. One by one the wagons pulled out and not until the last teamster had left camp did Captain leap astride his white pony and ride up to the head teamster.
The whole scene had a strangness about it. Everybody seemed happy enough. They looked, laughed and shouted to each other and made their jokes at each others expence. Isaac could not help but notice the different classes of people that were in the company and all these had left their native land for this. Most of them had been tossed about for long weeks on the ocean to get this. Many had left comfortable homes to travel footsore and weary miles across the plains. Yes there would be no more rest for many of them until they laid their weary bodies under the sod of the praire and it had all been done for the love of the Gospel, for the love of the light which had made Him also a wanderer amoung strange people and lands.
After four miles, Captain ordered the company to camp. Isaac was much interested in the way Captain Scott took care of the company. He organized the company into tens with a captain over each ten. The wagons were formed into a large circle. All the tongues were inside and the back ends of the wagons formed the outside.
The cattle were unyoked and turned loose in the correl formed by the wagons. Tents were pitched outside of the wagons and the camp fires were being made in order to prepare dinner.
As Isaac was preparing his dinner, Bessie [Elizabeth James] came up and ask, "Where is James?" "I don't know Bessie, when did you last see him?" "He was walking with me just before we camped." Marion [or Maria Jay] came running up and said, "I can't find James [James Leonard James] anywhere." "That seems strange girls, where could he have gone. You stay here and I'll go back on the trail and see if I can find him." As Isaac crossed through the tall grass to the trail, he found James lying face down in the grass exhausted. Lifting him up he said, "Whats the matter with you James?" "Why are you here?" "Oh Isaac I am done for, I simply have given out." Isaac helped him back to the camp where the girls were and they soon fixed him something to eat. As the day wore away, James was feeling better. He said to Isaac, "You see I was all run down from the sea voyage and not being used to walking, I just gave out, but I'll try and do better tomarrow."
Isaac sat down on the grass by James, took from his pocket the Bible and read his favorite psalm. "The lord is my shepherd I shall not want. He maketh me to lie down in green pastures. He leadeth me beside still water. He restoreth my soul. He leadeth me in the paths of righteousness for His name sake. Yea though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for Thou art with me. Thy rode and thy staff they comfort me. Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies. Thou anointest my head with oil. My cup runneth over. Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life, and I shall dwell in the house of the Lord forever.
The breaking of another day found Isaac up early. The sun shone down on camp as the Saints prepared breakfast. Full of faith and hope they started westward across the plains.
At the close of the first nine days they had traveled 174 miles and still the road stretched on and on through the crony hot plains. On, on, another day passed and another eighteen miles, then on the morrow another twenty and the travelors were still full of hopes for the future.
The company had been well supplied and were not yet suffering but there was no telling what the future would bring. The newly made graves which the wagon company passed indicated the conditions of the affairs with the people in front. What must they have suffered! What they must suffer to reach their destination.
Westward, westward the emigrant train moved to reach the valley. Rolling in long procession across the plains and praries slowly climbing the hills and coming down the declines with rattle and confusion. Isaac began to realize what it meant to be a Mormon in that day.
When they camped Friday night, August ninth [sic], Elder Gillos [Gillett] was taken very ill. Elders Taylor and Bullock who had come up to the camp that day administered to him but all night his condition grew worse and at five o'clock AM Elder Gillos [Gillett] passed away. A grave was dug and Elder Gillos [Gillett] was burried out there on the lonely trail and the company moved on another twenty-five miles.
The following morning a lady died and she like Elder Gillos [Gillett] was buried out on the prarie. The next day they traveled twenty-five miles. On the twenty second they passed [Mc]Pherson Fort or Cottonwood and traveled twenty miles further.
Early the next morning a child died. As they buried the child Isaac turned from the grave. A sadder sight he had never witnessed. That day with a broken hearted mother they traveled until noon.
When the camp fires were burning and the dinner nearly ready, some Indians were seen coming up from the ravine below. Isaac began to get restless for these men were the first Indians he had ever seen and his father's words came ringing in his ears, "You will go out there and the Indians will kill you, oh, Isaac do not go." He watched them as they neared the camp. What strange looking things they were wrapped in bright colored blankets with crowns of feathers on their heads. To Isaac's surprise they were friendly. Captain Scott asked them to have dinner, which they gladly accepted and then they went on their way. So far so good Isaac thought. He drew a deep breath of relief. God was surely with them, protecting and guiding them westward.
After the days journey, Isaac was oftimes extremely tired and when the tents were pitched and the fires were lighted (which was only when they could find wood and were out of danger of Indians) Isaac enjoyed watching people join in merriment. At first the dancing seemed strange to Isaac. Why should religious people dance especially when on such a journey? After the hard days toil out would come the violin. A space on the grass would be cleared and a dozen couples merrily whirled into the strains of the weird music. He had once expressed his doubts as to its propriety to a brother teamster who had crossed the plains a number of times and he had explained that it was a good thing to drive out the blues.
They had been standing looking at the merry crowd and at that moment a good looking rogu[i]sh maiden had stepped up to them and said she was looking for a partner. The teamster had instantly taken the girls arm and slipped it into Isaac's and before he knew what was going on, he was whirling away over the soft grass.
They did not always dance during evenings. There were a good many singers in the company and the songs of Zion often rang out over the still moonlighted praries.
On Sunday evenings they always held religious services. There were a number in the company who were returning from two or three year missions and the experiences which they related were extremely interesting.
Isaac was ask to speak on one of these occasions. Dressed in a blue jumper and trousers tucked in the top of his long boots, he mounted the drygoods box and did the best he could.
After the meeting an elderly lady came up to him with tears in her eyes, "Dear brother, God bless you," she said, "I left a boy home, a boy about your age. He could not understand so I had to leave him." She clung to his hands and looked the young man in the face while tears slowly trickled down the care worn furrows in her che[e]cks. "And you left a mother," she asked? "I left a father, my mother died years ago." She still clung to his hands and a big lump rose in his throat. If he had ever see a saintly face, he thought this must be one before him now.
His eyes grew dim. He could not see the wagons or the cattle or the tents. The rolling prarie faded as a disolving view and another picture came in its place, a wonderful ever changing picture. It was his father and sister Millicent and Sally, Sarah with that sweet sad smile, the old home, the old church bedded in trees and flowers, the river bending in broad silvery bands atound [around] the town of Awsworth and every trifling detail mingled and mixed and then stood out in clear distinctiveness in this wonderful picture.
She slowly loosed her hands and said, "God bless you and keep you alway." And with her blessing he went to bed.
Three more days passed and sixty-one more, miles, then nine miles up the platte River and six miles over the hills. Isaac was roughened and hardened and could walk with more ease and leisure.
While waliking [walking] over the hills a few buffaloe came in sight. They were grazing along through the open spaces. For a few moments, Isaac stood still and looked over towards the buffaloe. What he saw gave him a shock. Instead of a half-dozen or ten animals, he saw a large open space nearly a mile long covered with them. There were roughly two hundred buffaloe gathered there, some feeding, others wandering about pushing against each other and others simply straying. Isaac looked over the herd as a few rifles snap[p]ed and the herd ran off into the distance leaving a few dead lying on the ground. That night blazing bonfires and buffaloe steak made a happy camp.
On August 28th 1866 they passed through Ash Hollow. The hill was so steep the Captain ordered all the lead cattle taken off. They blocked the wagon wheels and in this way went into the hollow below. Everybody walked except one old lady who was unable to walk down the steep decline.
As Isaac stood on the hill looking down into Ash Hollow, he thought he had never seen such beauty. The green grass, the trees and clear winding stream all blended together in the noon day sun. A mule train was camped in the hollow which had been robbed of ninety mules, by the Indians while a majority of the camp was picking berries.
A few miles further west, they reached the junction of the North and South Platte Rivers. These rivers running together made a large stream called the Platte River which is a tributary of the Missouri River. A band of Indians were camped at this place, which was called North Platte Junction. When the Emigrant Train camped for the noon, the little Indian boys came and ask for bread. Captain Scott put up a target and told the boys he would give them a biscuit for every time they hit the mark. The Indian boys were well trained in shooting and every shot won a buiscuit.
The Saints rested at this place for two hours when Captain Scott gave orders for the company to leave. The Indians lined up on one side of the trail which was a narrow cut through the rocks. Captain Scott ordered all the Saints to walk four abreast up the road and the wagons followed behind.
There were three-hundred Saints and forty-nine wagons. The teamsters had their guns in readiness in case the Indians made trouble.
As they marched through the narrow cut, Isaac could not help noticing the way the Indians stared at them—just like they had never seen white people before. After the company passed, the Indians returned to their camp grounds and Captain Scott ordered the Saints back to their wagons.
They traveled on twenty miles through a heavy sandy road. The following day they traveled twenty-five miles and camped for the night by a hill side which was covered with wild berry bushes. Isaac was up early the next morning. The sun streamed over the rugged hills. With a bucket in hand, he walked over to where James was building a fire. Bessie peeked from under the wagon and said, "Good morning, Isaac, a beautiful morning isn't it?" "Yes Bessie, get up and walk down to the creek with me. I am going for water." "Alright Isaac, I'll be right up."
As Bessie crawled from under the wagon, she straightened her rumpled hair and ask, "Where is the bucket James?" "Here it is Bessie." She took the bucket, slipped her hand in Isaac's and together they walked to the creek. Her eyes flickered and there was restle[ss]ness in her manner. "You won't let the Indians get me will you Isaac?" He slipped his arm around her waist and said, "Not i[f] I can help it Bessie." They were not alone for many others were up early after water for breakfast. Isaac filled the buckets and as they walked back Bessie said, "I am sure glad we can have plenty of fresh water." "Yes Bessie, it sure does seem good. Gee whiz, I can taste that water yet we had to drink on the vessel." Bessie shuddered and said, "Just think that last water we drank on the vessel was seven weeks old. No wonder it tasted and smelled so bad." "Lets for[g]et about it Bessie and speak of something more interesting."
Bessie tossed the curls from her face and her blue eyes looked down over her pink rosy sheeks. The[n] looking quickly up she ask, "Did you go berry picking with the young folks last night?" "No Bessie, I'd be afraid after what Captain Scott told us. You wasn't out were you Bessie?" "No Isaac, but that Danish Sister in the wagon next to us was and she told me that they had a lot of fun. Bessie laughed softly, "I'm so glad I met you Isaac with your companionship. The journey to Utah will not be so lonely." As they neared camp James said, "Bessie there is a very sick girl in the next wagon. Will you see if you can help her?" "I surely will, James." She crossed the grass to the wagon where the sick girl lay and ask, "May I help you dear, what seems to be the trouble?" "Its the berries, the berries. I was a fool to eat them. No girl you can do nothing. I will be all right in a few minutes." An hour later the girl died and they laid her to rest in a shallow grave out on the lonely mountain trail.
That day, Andrew Jensen, a boy of fourteen was stricken with cholera. This deprived him of his strength and he was compelled to ride.
They traveled twenty-four miles and camped at sun down. The following day, August 31st 1866, they traveled to Chimney Rock. This high rock stood up almost perpendicular amoung the high bluffs. It was a noted land mark and could be seen several days before reaching it.
It was the first of September. The season was late and they were a long way from the valley. Sunday they passed Fort Mitchel[l] and for two more days they crossed the Laramie River and camped for the night about a mile from Fort Laramie in a beautiful valley opening into the Platte Valley. They met a few hostile Indians during this journey. They were now half way between Missouri and the Salt Lake Military Post. There being good camping, Captain Scott told the Saints to lay over for a day of rest. That evening the United States Soldiers inspected their wagons and guns. Some of the soldiers became very familiar with the young girls of the company and Captian fearing trouble ordered the company to leave early the next morning before the soldiers were up.
They traveled twenty-two miles and on the sixth of September they entered the mountains leaving the plains behind. When they camped for the night, one of the men was lost. The night guard went back to find him. They found him leisurely walking in the hills seemingly unafraid. At the prayer meeting that night Captain Scott advised the Saints to keep together or they would be lost, scalped and killed by the Indians.
Through the mountain trail the grass became ver[y] scarse and the oxen were losing flesh and strength and the nights were beginning to be very cold. Saturday morning when Isaac woke the ground was white with frost and some of the camp fires were blazing and cracking. The smell of frying bacon reminded him that he had over slept. In an instant he was up preparing for another days journey.
As they journeyed along that morning they met an ox team train and saw in the distance, indians riding horse back along the mountain side. They crossed the North Platte River. It was a very deep and cold stream. The country side was very dreary. When they camped for the night it was raining.
Sunday morning September 9th 1866, they forged the North Platte six miles below the bridge. Here the stream was wide and shallow and the cattle were driven through the stream. The women and children were allowed to ride but the men were ordered to wade or ride on the back of cattle. Isaac and James like many others decided it would be safer to ride the cattle than wade through the cold stream. That day they traveled twenty-two miles.
The following morning was cold and frosty and that day they traveled twenty-one miles passing Deer Creek Station which had been burned by the indians twenty days before.
They camped for the night in a large grove of timber. Tuesday, September 11th, they traveled eighteen miles up the river and on Wednesday they went three miles and crossed the bridge at the North Platte Trading Village. This village consisted of two log houses, six dug outs and a number of indian tents. The town was small but it was a contrast to the lonely wilderness through which they had just passed since leaving Fort Laramie. The few people who inhabited the village were of a rough western type. Here the Saints bought new supplies and then traveled ten miles and camped for the night on the banks of the North Platte River.
For the past four days it had been very damp and rainy, but Thursday morning the sun rose up into a clear sky and smiled down on the little Mormon camp. It was a wonderful day and Isaac walked on the uneven road for twenty two miles. He saw no buffaloe or anything of interest along the lonesome endless trail.
Late in the afternoon on the banks of the Sweetwater River which runs through a beautiful valley, they camped. In the evening Isaac went down to the river bareheaded and sat on the bank and watched the water as it flowed and foamed over the rocks. He picked up at his feet a few sprigs of fern and as he turned them in his hands he was not thinking of their beauty but of his dear old Father he had left behind. Bessie came over and sat by Isaac and as the sun went down and it grew dark before Isaac and Bessie James returned to Marion and James.
Friday the fourteenth the company met the Sanpete train of mules to help the last train of emigrants who were suffering. Their mules like our oxen were tired out on account of the scarcity of grass.
Saturday they passed Independent Rock or what was called Devils Gate Station. As the day passed the clouds hid the blue ski from their view. When they camped for the night it was raining. All night it rained. The thunder rumbled over the mountains and the lightning lit up the firmament. Large packs of wolves approached camp and howled with the rumbling thunder. The night was very lonely and dreary and the Saints were unable to sleep as they camped out in such a night.
Devil Gate Station seemed rightly named. It was established by some mountaineers many years ago and is especially known from the events of 1856 when a terrible storm over took some of the hand cart companies. Devils Gate Station stands in the east end of a beautiful valley through which the Sweetwater River flows. The valley is surrounded on three sides by beautiful mountains of considerable height. Near the Fort the fiver [river] passes through a gap in the mountains where perpendicular rock walls stand on both sides several hundred feet high. The water in passing through the gap makes a great roar as the bottom of the chasm is full of large gragements of the rocky walls. The noise produced by the river as it pitches over the rocks can be heard for many miles.
Sunday they traveled twenty miles and Monday seventeen miles. They passed a place which is called the three crossings of the Sweetwater River. It was close in between the high rocky cliffs on both sides of the river. Here they crossed the river three times and camped for the night on the plain. It was very cold and the camp fires looked warm and welcome.
Still westward they moved. September was half gone. The nights were cold and a number of the streams had a thin coating of ice. The roads were uneven and rocky and it was hard traveling. As they pulled into camp there was a feeling of snow in the air and the north wind was piling up the clouds in the sky. Before the camp rested for the night the snow was beginning to fall. Brother James sewed together some flour and burlap sacks of which he made a small tent to protect Bessie and Marion from the storm.
It snpwed [snowed] all night and by morning the whole country was wrapped in a white blanket.
For the past three days, James Hodges had been very ill and tonight his condition grew worse. James tried to help him. He begged James to take him and put him in the cold water that was flowing down the creek. Brother Hodges was burning up with fever and James was afraid it would kill him. He gave him water to drink and bathed his burning temples with cold water and Brother Hodges fell asleep.
All night is [it] snowed but in the morning the sun shown through the moving clouds. Brother James looked into the wagon to see how Brother Hodges was doing and to his surprise he was dead. They dug a grave two feet deep, rolled him up in his blanket and placed his body in the shallow grave. After the soil had been shoveled over his body, a brother stepped up to the grave and said, "Lay there Jimmie for awhile."
When the company pulled out Wednesday morning, the elderly sisters and the children were permited to ride in the wagons. The young women had to walk.
They traveled about five miles. The girls were wet to the knees with tramping in the wet snow and a cold wind was blowing. Two girls from London, whom Seth [Austin] Penn [Pymm] had agreed to take to Zion were nearly frozen. They stopped and leaned against a large rock to protect themselves from the wind. When Captain Scott road up and saw them standing there he said, For God sake girls get out and walk or you will freeze to death." The girls frightened, hurried along beside the wagon for five more miles.
The Saints were compeled to camp for the storm. A large camp fire was made out of sage brush. As Isaac and the other men of the camp gathered brush, the girls stood around the fire and dried their clothes. As the steam raised up from their dresses in front, the cold wind froze their dresses still at the back and it took quite a long while to get them all thawed out.
Bessie was tired out and Marion was taken very ill just before they camped. Marion was put in the wagon. It seemed she would choke. She had something the matter with her throat. When we camped, James got up in the wagon and in our trunks found a flask of whisky that had been put there for sickness. He made her a tody and gave it to her and she is feeling much better.
They had camped in a snug little valley. Here the snow was deep, the altitide high and the north wind blew cold. Occasionly snow falls here in the summer. That night Isaac and James were called to help guard the camp. With their coats fastened tight around their necks to keep out the cold wind and their guns on their shoulders they marched back and forth by the sides of the wagons. The wind blew cold and towards midnight there was a real blizzard. Isaac and James could hardly keep from freezing. The snow beat down on them. They looked like real snow men. When morning came Isaac and James were cold and tired.
But in their hearts burnt there a fire
Whose flames were lit by a soul desire
A longing to reach the dazzling heights
Where awaits sucess for the one who fights.
At last storm was over. The company traveled over the muddy roads the next day for sixteen miles. The cattle were giving out and Captain ordered them to stop and camp. It had been a clear sunshiny day and at night the moon rose up over the mountains. It was a very cold night. The creek had a coating of thick ice and eight of the cattle froze to death and fifty others were disabled.
Early that morning, James Whenham died. A shallow grave was dug in the frozen rocks and Brother Whenham's body was burried. One of the teamsters said, that the wolves would have him dug up before another night passed.
Friday they had to lay over and let the cattle rest. They washed their clothes and cleaned the mud from the wagons. The wind blew all day and the stars shone bright at night. The bark of the coyote and the howling wolves was their music and still the road stretched on two hundred and sixty miles to the valley.
On Saturday morning they started on the westward move again and it snowed most of the afternoon. They traveled through the South Pass and twenty miles to camp for the night on a sage brush hill. In the evening still more snow fell. Sunday was a cold windy day and Monday dawned with an icy glare.
James got up feeling a little sick and very stiff. He put on his clothes with misgivings for the rest of the day and took up the march. He had not gone far when he became unable to walk and Isaac helped him into the wagon.
They crossed Green River and all the men and boys waded. The whole company crossed in safety. Late the following night they camped at Hams Fork Station. Here they received a new supply of provisions and also a few fresh cattle to strengthen the weak ones.
They rested at Hams Fork and broke camp about three o'clock PM. They traveled four miles and camped at Black Fork.
That evening when Isaac went over to Bessie and Marion he found James very sick. He was burning up with fever and at times delerious.
Friday and Saturday they traveled thirty-two miles following Black Fork and on Sunday September thirtieth they camped at a beautiful place near Fort Bridger, about one hundred and twelve miles from the valley. Isaac spent most of his time with Bessie and Marion and did all he could to help James.
Monday they passed Fort Bridger and camped in a deep valley between the mountains. Tuesday they crossed the Bear River camping in a beautiful valley. On the third of October, after winding up and down the rough mountains they camped at Cash Cave near Castle Rock which is situated at the upper end of Echo Canyon. Thursday they traveled down through Echo Canyon. Here he saw the first houses in the mountains inhabited by Latter Day Saints. They traveled two mile up the Weber River and camped.
The next morning they reached the little town of Coalville which seemed to be covered with millions of glittering diamonds. The heavy snow had fallen the day before and the early frost which had fallen through the night was causing the whole valley to glitter. Brother Phew had come from the Salt LakeValley for coal and as he drove from the mines with his load of coal, he shaded his eyes with his hands and looked steadily toward the train of covered wagons which were coming along the road. As he neared them he stopped his team and watched the wagons pass by one by one together with those who were walking. His eyes wandered over the weary travelors when he saw Bessie James.
When Brother Phew was on his mission in England Bessies's father's home was always his home and he had learned to love these people. He was overjoyed in seeing Bessie. He called to her and as she looked up she recognized Elder Phew and walked up to his wagon. She said, "Surely glad to see you Edler [Elder] Phew, James is with me. He is very sick. Brother and Sister Kettle are also with us." Bessie climbed upon his wagon seat and as the wagons passed by Elder Phew followed along.
As Isaac walked through Coalville little did he realize what the future held for him here.
Still forward the tired travelors pushed alond [along] through Hoytsville and Wanship and then came that hard pull through Silver Creek Canyon.
Isaac's thoughts often turned back to his home in Awsworth. He remembered his father at the sewing table, his sister Millicent moving about in the kitchen preparing the evening meal and of his sister Sally sewing her doll dress. He had learned to love his little sister so much and he could see her now with large tears in her eyes waving him goodbye. He remembered Sarah with that sweet sad smile. the shady nook down by the stream where he had been baptized and the little town of Sutton-in-Ashfield, Brother and Sister Marriott and their son, blue eyed curley headed Timothy and his Sister Mary Ann. He wondered if he would soon see Mary Ann and the Marriotts.
Brother James seemed to be no better. He didn't know where he was or where he was going. Elder Phew gave thwm [them] some boiled chicken and James eaten a little of it. Bessie was really worried about James but Isaac comforted her and said, "Your brother will get well. Don't lose faith and cry, instead put your trust in God and smile. We will reach the valley soon then you can get a doctor and all will be well."
On one occasion when Isaac and Bessie chanced to be alone Bessie said, " You have a story havn't you Isaac?" "Yes I think we all have Bessie." And she noticed too how quickly he would change the subject as if he did not care to speak to her of his past and Bessie sisterly enough had not wedged him.
Isaac was up early the next morning. It was Saturday. He filled his buckets with water and walked over to where Bessie and Marion were preparing breakfast. He gave them some water and asked about James. Bessie said that he didn't seem to be any better. Isaac lifted the wagon cover and looked at the still form in the wagon bed. He spoke to James. James opened his eyes and then closed them and not a word escaped his suffering lips. With a worried look on his face, Isaac turned from the wagon and began preparations for the journey.
They passed Kimball's Ranch in the Parley's Park and camped near the east base of the divid on the summit of the Wasatch Mountains.
Sunday, October seventh, they passed down Parley's Canyon. The mule train that they met September fourteenth passed them bringing a number of emigrants of the belated company with them. Slowly down the canyon they came passing Hardy's Ranch and reached the mouth of the canyon late in the afternoon.
Climbing to the top of the hill to the right, Isaac and Bessie and their companions obtained their first view of the valley. It appeared grand and beautiful as it nestled in the full blaze of the afternoon sun. With their companions they shouted for joy at the realization of their hearts fondest desire had come true. So long they had prayed for this opportunity and now at last the city lay there exposed to their view. Their dreams were about to be realized in entering the City of Zion, the homes of the Prophets and Apostles of God.
They traveled on out of the mountain pass, through Sugarhouse Ward, crossed State Road and camped at the Church Farm, which was situated four miles south of Salt Lake City. Monday the Emigrant Train went into the Tithing Yard and everything was unloaded. The train then left for Utah County where nearly all the wagon teams came from. It was the Captain Scott Train of forty-nine wagons. It carried three hundred Saints to ZION. This company of people was reported as being one of the finest that had reached the valley for a long while. The people were mostly from Norway and Europe, a high respected class. They also had a choir of twenty-four singers.
It was here at the Tithing Yard that Isaac bid his dear friends good luck and hoped to see them soon. He hoped also that James would soon be well.